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Rreshti 1:
University, and the Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh,
PA, USA
The traditional view of the lexical system stipulates word-specic representations and separate pathways for regular and exception words. An alternative approach views lexical knowledge as developing from general learning principles applied to mappings among distributed representations of written and spoken words and their meanings. On this distributed account, distinctions among words, and between words and nonwords, are not reied in the structure of the system but reect the sensitivity of learning to the relative systematicity in the various mappings. Two computational simulations address ndings that have seemed problematic for the distributed approach. Both involve a consideration of the role of semantics in normal and impaired lexical processing. The rst simulation accounts for patients with impaired comprehension but intact reading in terms of individual differences in the division of labour between the semantic and phonological pathways. The second simulation demonstrates that a distributed network can reliably distinguish words from nonwords based on a measure of familiarity dened over semantics. The results underscore the importance of relating function to structure in the lexical system within the context of an explicit computational framework.
Requests for reprints should be addressed to David C. Plaut, Mellon Institute 115-CNBC, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-2683, USA. E-mail: plaut6cmu.edu
This work was supported nancially by the NIH/NIMH (Grant MH47566) and by the McDonnell-Pew Program in Cognitive Neuroscience (Grant T89-01245-016). I thank Marlene Behrmann, Matt Lambon Ralph, Jay McClelland, Karalyn Patterson, Mark Seidenberg and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments and/or discussions.
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