Bofors 40mm L/60

Arma automatike Bofors 40mm L/60 (shpesh e referuar thjesht si "arma Bofors 40mm" ose "arma Bofors")^[1]^[2] është një top automatik kundërajror, i projektuar në vitet 1930 nga armët suedeze. prodhuesi AB Bofors. Arma u projektua si një armë e ndërmjetme kundërajrore, duke mbushur boshllëkun midis armëve kundërajrore të kalibrit të vogël me rreze të afërt dhe armëve kundërajrore me rreze të gjatë veprimi të kalibrit të lartë, një rol i cili më parë plotësohej nga armë të vjetra të vjetëruara. Bofors 40mm L/60 ishte për kohën e tij krejtësisht i përshtatshëm për këtë rol dhe i tejkaloi modelet konkurruese në vitet që çuan në Luftën e Dytë Botërore si në efektivitet ashtu edhe në besueshmëri.^[3]^[4]

Ajo hyri në tregun e eksportit rreth vitit 1932^[5] dhe ishte në shërbim me 18 vende deri në vitin 1939.^[6] Gjatë gjithë Luftës së Dytë Botërore ajo u bë një nga armët kundërajrore më të njohura dhe më të përhapura me peshë të mesme. Ai u përdor nga shumica e aleatëve perëndimorë dhe disa fuqive të Boshtit si Gjermania naziste dhe Hungaria.

Në epokën e pasluftës, modeli Bofors 40mm L/60 nuk ishte i përshtatshëm për veprim kundër avionëve me motor jet, kështu që Bofors zhvilloi një dizajn të ri zëvendësues 40mm me shumë më shumë fuqi - Bofors 40mm Automatic Gun L/70. i njohur gjithashtu me emrin gjenerik 'Armë Bofors 40 mm' — e cila u miratua nga shumë vende gjatë Luftës së Ftohtë dhe u zgjodh si standarde e NATO-s në nëntor 1953.^[7] Bofors 40mm L/60 megjithatë do të vazhdonte të shihte shërbim shumë kohë pasi u bë i vjetëruar si një armë kundërajrore për shkak të numrit masiv të armëve të tepërta nga Lufta e Dytë Botërore, dhe një numër i vogël i armëve Bofors 40mm L/60 mbeten në shërbim sot. Disa armë panë veprim deri në Luftën e Gjirit dhe Luftërat Jugosllave.

Shiko edhe

Referime

^ "The Bofors gun that revolutionised air defences". saab.com. Marrë më 2022-01-25. The big breakthrough came at firing tests in Belgium in 1935 against a British competitor. It was found that the Bofors gun could be moved more than twice as quickly as the competitor's gun and that it scored three times as many hits when firing on aerial targets. The Belgian officers were amazed. The demonstrations in Belgium took place in the presence of representatives from the French War Ministry. It soon resulted in an order from the French Army, which was quite remarkable. Traditionally, France bought no guns from abroad. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
^ "Sweden Bofors 40 mm/60 (1.57") Model 1936". NavWeaps.Com. 14 janar 2011. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 21 shkurt 2007. Marrë më 24 shtator 2011. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
^ "Naval Legends: Bofors | World of Warships (timestamped)". YouTube. 2017-03-23. Marrë më 2022-01-25. In March 1932, the official trials of the automatic antiaircraft cannon L60 were completed, and it was put on the market. In 1933, British and American military engineers studied the gun, and were quite impressed - the Swedish system was more effective than the obsolete British Vickers "pom-poms" and had more firepower than the "Chicago pianos" used by the US. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
^ "The Bofors gun that revolutionised air defences". saab.com. Marrë më 2022-01-25. The big breakthrough came at firing tests in Belgium in 1935 against a British competitor. It was found that the Bofors gun could be moved more than twice as quickly as the competitor's gun and that it scored three times as many hits when firing on aerial targets. The Belgian officers were amazed. The demonstrations in Belgium took place in the presence of representatives from the French War Ministry. It soon resulted in an order from the French Army, which was quite remarkable. Traditionally, France bought no guns from abroad. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
^ "Naval Legends: Bofors | World of Warships (timestamped)". YouTube. 2017-03-23. Marrë më 2022-01-25. In March 1932, the official trials of the automatic antiaircraft cannon L60 were completed, and it was put on the market. In 1933, British and American military engineers studied the gun, and were quite impressed - the Swedish system was more effective than the obsolete British Vickers "pom-poms" and had more firepower than the "Chicago pianos" used by the US. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
^ "40 Bofors anti-aircraft gun". basart.artillerie.asso.fr. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 2016-03-22. Marrë më 2022-01-25. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)
^ "40mm Luftvärnsautomatkanon m/48/ Bofors 40mm AA-gun model 1948". tfd.chalmers.se. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 2007-07-01. Marrë më 2022-01-13. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

[saab.com-1] "The Bofors gun that revolutionised air defences". saab.com. Marrë më 2022-01-25. The big breakthrough came at firing tests in Belgium in 1935 against a British competitor. It was found that the Bofors gun could be moved more than twice as quickly as the competitor's gun and that it scored three times as many hits when firing on aerial targets. The Belgian officers were amazed. The demonstrations in Belgium took place in the presence of representatives from the French War Ministry. It soon resulted in an order from the French Army, which was quite remarkable. Traditionally, France bought no guns from abroad. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

[NAVWEAP-2] "Sweden Bofors 40 mm/60 (1.57") Model 1936". NavWeaps.Com. 14 janar 2011. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 21 shkurt 2007. Marrë më 24 shtator 2011. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

[naval_legends-3] "Naval Legends: Bofors | World of Warships (timestamped)". YouTube. 2017-03-23. Marrë më 2022-01-25. In March 1932, the official trials of the automatic antiaircraft cannon L60 were completed, and it was put on the market. In 1933, British and American military engineers studied the gun, and were quite impressed - the Swedish system was more effective than the obsolete British Vickers "pom-poms" and had more firepower than the "Chicago pianos" used by the US. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

[saab.com2-4] "The Bofors gun that revolutionised air defences". saab.com. Marrë më 2022-01-25. The big breakthrough came at firing tests in Belgium in 1935 against a British competitor. It was found that the Bofors gun could be moved more than twice as quickly as the competitor's gun and that it scored three times as many hits when firing on aerial targets. The Belgian officers were amazed. The demonstrations in Belgium took place in the presence of representatives from the French War Ministry. It soon resulted in an order from the French Army, which was quite remarkable. Traditionally, France bought no guns from abroad. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

[naval_legends2-5] "Naval Legends: Bofors | World of Warships (timestamped)". YouTube. 2017-03-23. Marrë më 2022-01-25. In March 1932, the official trials of the automatic antiaircraft cannon L60 were completed, and it was put on the market. In 1933, British and American military engineers studied the gun, and were quite impressed - the Swedish system was more effective than the obsolete British Vickers "pom-poms" and had more firepower than the "Chicago pianos" used by the US. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

[6] "40 Bofors anti-aircraft gun". basart.artillerie.asso.fr. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 2016-03-22. Marrë më 2022-01-25. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

[7] "40mm Luftvärnsautomatkanon m/48/ Bofors 40mm AA-gun model 1948". tfd.chalmers.se. Arkivuar nga origjinali më 2007-07-01. Marrë më 2022-01-13. {{cite web}}: Mungon ose është bosh parametri |language= (Ndihmë!)

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