Lista e vendbanimeve në Iliri
artikull-listë e Wikimedias
(Përcjellë nga Lista e vendbanimeve ilire)
Kjo është një listë e vendbanimeve ilire duke përfshirë qytetet, qytezat, fshatrat dhe kështjellat ilire (liburne, dardane, dalmatët, etj.) qoftë në periudhën e pavarësisë ilire qoftë pas saj, duke përfshirë këtu edhe ato vendbanime ilire jashtë Mbretërisë ilire ose Ilirisë. Një numër i vendbanimeve ilire dhe më vonë në kohën e Ilirikut romak janë ndërtuar ose rindërtuar afër vendbanimeve të para ekzistuese Ilire.
A
RedaktoB
RedaktoC
Redakto- Clodiana[13]
D
RedaktoE
RedaktoF
RedaktoG
RedaktoH
Redakto- Hedum kastelum
- Pharos[29] founded by colonists from Paros at 385 BC
- Hyria
I
RedaktoJ
RedaktoK
RedaktoL
RedaktoM
RedaktoN
RedaktoO
RedaktoP
RedaktoR
RedaktoS
RedaktoT
RedaktoU
RedaktoV
Redakto- Varvaria
- Vegia ose Vegium
- Vicianum
- Vendenisi[59]
- Velanis
- Viciana (Vushtrria)
Shih edhe
RedaktoBibliografia
Redakto- Alaj, Premtim (2019). Les habitats de l'Age du fer sur le territoire de l'actuel Kosovo (Tezë). Université de Lyon.
{{cite thesis}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Bejko, Lorenc; Morris, Sarah; Papadopoulos, John; Schepartz, Lynne (2015). The Excavation of the Prehistoric Burial Tumulus at Lofkend, Albania. ISD LLC. ISBN 978-1938770524.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Bodinaku, Namik (2001). "Varreza tumulare e Dukatit në rrethin e Vlorës (Gërmime 1973-74)" [The Tumulus Necropolis of Dukat in Vlora city (Excavations between 1973-74]. Iliria. 30: 9–100. doi:10.3406/iliri.2001.1724.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Boško, Marijan (2011). "Gradina u Ošanićima – transformacija prapovijesnoga gradinskog u urbano naselje". Histria Antiqua. 20 (20).
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Cabanes, Pierre (2008). "Greek Colonisation in the Adriatic". përmbledhur nga Tsetskhladze, Gocha R. (red.). Greek Colonisation: An Account of Greek Colonies and Other Settlements Overseas. Vëll. 2. Brill. fq. 155–186. ISBN 9789047442448.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Catani, Lorenzo (2008). "Arheološko-povijesne bilješke o Castellum Tariona u rimsko doba" [Archaeological and historical notes on the Castellum Tariona in the Roman Era]. Vjesnik Za Arheologiju I Povijest Dalmatinsku (në kroatisht dhe anglisht). Split. 101 (1): 75–86.
- Ceka, Neritan (2009). "Atintanët: një rivështrim mbi territorin dhe historinë e tyre / Les Atintanes, un nouvel aperçu de leur territoire et de leur histoire". Iliria. 34: 5–23. doi:10.3406/iliri.2009.1078.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Ceka, Neritan (2011). "Cezari në Akrokeraune- vende dhe gjurmë / Cesare in acroceraunia-luoghi e tracce". Iliria. 35: 99–122. doi:10.3406/iliri.2011.1101.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Ceka, Neritan; Ceka, Olgita (2017). "A Peripolarchos inscription from the castle of Matohasanaj". përmbledhur nga Luan Përzhita; Ilir Gjipali; Gëzim Hoxha; Belisa Muka (red.). New archaeological discoveries in the Albanian regions: proceedings of the international conference 30 - 31 January, Tirana 2017. Vëll. 1. Botimet Albanologjike. Academy for Albanian Studies, Institute of Archaeology. fq. 488–508. ISBN 978-9928-141-71-2.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Ceka, Olgita (2012). "Il koinon e la città. L'esempio di Byllis". përmbledhur nga G. de Marinis; G.M. FabriniG. Paci; R. Perna; M. Silvestrini (red.). I processi formativi ed evolutividella città in area adriatica. BAR International Series. Vëll. 2419. Archaeopress. fq. 59–64. ISBN 978-1-4073-1018-3.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Çipa, Kriledjan (2020). "The fortified settlement of Borshi and its role in Chaonia fortification system". përmbledhur nga Luigi Maria Caliò, Gian Michele Gerogiannis, Maria Kopsacheili (red.). Fortificazioni e società nel Mediterraneo occidentale: Albania e Grecia settentrionale [Fortifications and Societies in the Western Mediterranean: Albania and Norhtern Greece]. Quasar. ISBN 9788854910430.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!)Mirëmbajtja CS1: Emra të shumëfishtë: lista e redaktorëve (lidhja) - de Matteis, Mario (2017). "Stazioni di sosta (mutationes) lungo la via Egnazia". Palaver. 6 (2): 7–28. doi:10.1285/i22804250v6i2p7. ISSN 2280-4250.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Fasolo, Michele (2009). "La via Egnatia nel territorio della Repubblica di Macedonia". përmbledhur nga Cesare Marangio; Giovanni Laudizi (red.). Παλαιά Φιλία [Palaià Philía]: studi di topografia antica in onore di Giovanni Uggeri. Journal of Ancient Topography - Rivista di Topografia Antica (në italisht). Vëll. 4. Mario Congedo editore. fq. 601–612. ISBN 9788880868651.
- Jaupaj, Lavdosh (2019). Etudes des interactions culturelles en aire Illyro-épirote du VII au III siècle av. J.-C (Tezë). Université de Lyon; Instituti i Arkeologjisë (Albanie).
{{cite thesis}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Larson, Jennifer Lynn (2001). Greek Nymphs: Myth, Cult, Lore. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-514465-9.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Lepper, F. A. (1988). Trajan's Column: A New Edition of the Cichorius Plates. Alan Sutton. ISBN 9780862994679.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Mesihović, Salmedin; Šačić, Amra (2015). Historija Ilira [History of Illyrians] (në boshnjakisht). Sarajevo: Univerzitet u Sarajevu [University of Sarajevo]. ISBN 978-9958-600-65-4.
- Miletić, Alen (2008). "Castellum Tariona" [The Castellum Tariona]. Vjesnik Za Arheologiju I Povijest Dalmatinsku (në kroatisht dhe anglisht). Split. 101 (1): 59–74.
- Miraj, Lida (2002). "The Earliest Coinage of Epidamnos/Dyrrachion as a Source". përmbledhur nga Cambi, Nenad; Čače, Slobodan; Kirigin, Branko (red.). Greek influence along the East Adriatic Coast. Knjiga Mediterana. Vëll. 26. fq. 435–470. ISBN 9531631549.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Morton, Jacob Nathan (2017). "Shifting Landscapes, Policies, And Morals: A Topographically Driven Analysis Of The Roman Wars In Greece From 200 Bc To 168 Bc". Publicly Accessible Penn Dissertations. University of Pennsylvania. 2484.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Muka, Belisa; Heinzelmann, Michael (2014). "Dimal: new results of the Albanian-German research project". përmbledhur nga Molla, Nevilla (red.). Proceedings of the International Congress of Albanian Archaeological Studies: 65th Anniversary of Albanian Archaeology (21-22 November, Tirana 2013). Tiranë: Botimet Albanologjike. fq. 223–231. ISBN 9789928141286.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Papadopoulos, John (2016). "Komai, Colonies and Cities in Epirus and Southern Albania: The Failure of the Polis and the Rise of Urbanism on the Fringes of the Greek World". përmbledhur nga Molloy, Barry P.C. (red.). Of Odysseys and Oddities: Scales and Modes of Interaction Between Prehistoric Aegean Societies and their Neighbours. Oxbow Books. fq. 435–460. ISBN 978-1-78570-232-7.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Šašel Kos, Marjeta (2005). Appian and Illyricum. Narodni Muzej Slovenije. ISBN 978-961-6169-36-3.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Šašel Kos, M.; Kos, P. (2017). "Places: 197225 (Corinium)". Pleiades. Marrë më 22 nëntor 2020.
{{cite web}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Šašel Kos, M.; Kos, P. (2019). "Places: 197280 (Fulfinium/Fertinium)". Pleiades. Marrë më 22 nëntor 2020.
{{cite web}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Šašel Kos, M.; Kos, P. (2020). "Places: 197115 (Andetrium)". Pleiades. Marrë më 2020-10-24.
{{cite web}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Schermer, Shirley; Shukriu, Edi; Deskaj, Sylvia (2011). Marquez-Grant, Nicholas; Fibiger, Linda (red.). The Routledge Handbook of Archaeological Human Remains and Legislation: An International Guide to Laws and Practice in the Excavation and Treatment of Archaeological Human Remains. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1136879562.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Shpuza, Saimir (2014). Dyczek, Piotr (red.). "Iron Age Fortifications and the Origin of the City in the Territory of Scodra". Novensia. Warszawa: Ośrodek Badań nad Antykiem Europy Południowo-Wschodniej. 25: 105–126. ISBN 978-83-934239-96. ISSN 0860-5777.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Shpuza, Saimir (2017). Dyczek, Piotr (red.). "Scodra and the Labeates. Cities, rural fortifications and territorial defense in the Hellenistic period". Novensia. Warszawa: Ośrodek Badań nad Antykiem Europy Południowo-Wschodniej. 28: 41–64. ISBN 978-83-946222-5-1. ISSN 0860-5777.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Shpuza, Saimir (2022). "D'un limên à une polis. Orikos aux périodes archaïque et classique". përmbledhur nga Brancato, Rodolfo (red.). Schemata: la città oltre la forma : per una nuova definizione dei paesaggi urbani e delle loro funzioni: urbanizzazione e società nel Mediterraneo pre-classico : età arcaica. Edizioni Quasar. ISBN 9788854912755.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Ujes, Dubravka (2002). "Recherche sur la localisation de Damastion et ses mines". Revue numismatique. 6th. 6 (158): 103–129. doi:10.3406/numi.2002.1438.
{{cite journal}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Wilkes, John (1992). The Illyrians. Wiley. ISBN 9780631146711.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Wilkes, J. J. (2000). "Map 49 Illyricum. Compiled by J.J. Wilkes, 1995". përmbledhur nga Talbert, Richard J. A. (red.). Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World: Map-by-map Directory. Vëll. 1. Princeton University Press. fq. 749–760. ISBN 0691049459.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Wilkes, J. J. (1996). "The Danubian and Balkan provinces". përmbledhur nga Alan K. Bowman; Edward Champlin; Andrew Linto (red.). The Cambridge Ancient History: The Augustan Empire, 43 B.C—A.D. 69. Vëll. 10. Cambridge University Press. fq. 545–585. ISBN 0521264308.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Wilkes, J. J.; Fischer-Hansen, Tobias (2004). "The Adriatic". përmbledhur nga Mogens Herman Hansen; Thomas Heine Nielsen (red.). An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis. Oxford University Press. fq. 321–337. ISBN 0-19-814099-1.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Wilkes, John J. J. (2012). "Places: 481942 (Palaeste)". Pleiades. Marrë më 21 nëntor 2020.
{{cite web}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Winnifrith, Tom J. (2002). Badlands-borderlands: a history of Northern Epirus/Southern Albania. London: Duckworth. ISBN 0-7156-3201-9.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - Zindel, Christian; Lippert, Andreas; Lahi, Bashkim; Kiel, Machiel (2018). Albanien: Ein Archäologie- und Kunstführer von der Steinzeit bis ins 19. Jahrhundert (në gjermanisht). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 9783205200109.
Referime
Redakto- ^ S. Čače, Broj liburnskih općina i vjerodostojnost Plinija(Nat. hist. 3, 130; 139-141), Radovi Filozofskog fakulteta u Zadru, 32, Zadar 1993., pages 1-36
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5., page 279, "We cannot be certain that the Arbanon of Anna Comnena is the same as Albanopolis of the Albani, a place located on the map of Ptolemy.
- ^ Dalmatia by J. J. Wilkes, 1969, page 194, "By the early years of Augustus the inhabitants of Alvona the Alutrenses.
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 96, "... whose land is the city Epidamnus, founded by colonists from Corinth and Corfu at 600 BC.
- ^ In An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis by Mogens Herman, ISBN 0-19-814099-1, 2004, page 342
- ^ Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by William Smith, 1856, page 748."
- ^ Stipčević, Aleksandar, The Illyrians-History and Culture, 1974, Noyess Press
- ^ a b The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 8: Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 BC by A. E. Astin, ISBN 0-521-23448-4, 1990, page 92
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 174, "... 174 Greek lllvrians Bassania, a town under Roman control.
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 97, "...the Bylliones beyond the river Aous in the hinterland of Apollonia .
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 273, ".
- ^ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, ISBN 0-19-814099-1, 2005, page 1333, "...refounded as a Hellenic Byllis not yet a polls in 400.
- ^ a b MARU´SIUM
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 223, "Among the southern Illyrians the deposits which provided Damastion (Strabo 7.7, 8), somewhere in the Ohrid region, with a silver coinage may be the same ones that attracted Corinthian.
- ^ In An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis by Mogens Herman, ISBN 0-19-814099-1, 2004, "As a long-distance trading community, Aigina was not an active coloniser, but colonised Kydonia (no. 968) in 519, Adria (no. 75) c.
- ^ Fjalor enciklopedik shqiptar, Akademia e Shkencave e Shqipërisë, Tiranë, 2008, fq. 413. ISBN 978-99956-10-27-2
- ^ Dalmatia: research in the Roman province 1970-2001 : papers in honour of J.J by David Davison, Vincent L. Gaffney, J. J. Wilkes, Emilio Marin, ISBN 1-84171-790-8, 2006, page 21,
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 188, "... after whom the Roman province Dalmatia was named, their own name being derived from their principal settlement Delminium near Duvno.
- ^ Gruen, Erich S. (1986). The Hellenistic world and the coming of Rome. University of California Press. fq. 381. ISBN 978-0-520-05737-1. Marrë më 5 korrik 2011.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - ^ J. Wilkes.
- ^ Classica et mediaevalia. Dansk selskab for oldtids- og middelalderforskning. 1954. Marrë më 5 korrik 2011.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - ^ Winnifrith, Tom (2002). Badlands, borderlands: a history of Northern Epirus/Southern Albania. Duckworth. fq. 33. ISBN 978-0-7156-3201-7. Marrë më 5 korrik 2011.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - ^ Stipčević, Aleksandar (1977). The Illyrians: history and culture. Noyes Press. fq. 99. ISBN 978-0-8155-5052-5. Marrë më 5 korrik 2011.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - ^ The classical gazetteer: a dictionary of ancient geography, sacred and profane by William Hazlitt, 1851, "Epicaria qytezë e fisit Cavi në Illyria."
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 96, ".
- ^ Aulus Hirtius,(De Bello Alexandrino c.14)
- ^ Austria: Her People & Their Homelands by James Baker, "... dates back to the sixth century B.C., when the Greeks founded here Epidaurus.
- ^ Dalmatia by J. J. Wilkes, 1969, page 195, "At Flavona the native population was well established and stood up better to the effects of italian settlement in the first century.
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 114, "... in the early history of the colony settled in 385 BC on the island Pharos (Hvar) from the Aegean island Paros, famed for its marble.
- ^ a b Wilkes, J. J.; Fischer-Hansen, Tobias (2004). "The Adriatic". përmbledhur nga Mogens Herman Hansen; Thomas Heine Nielsen (red.). An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis. Oxford University Press. fq. 321–337. ISBN 0-19-814099-1.
{{cite book}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - ^ Wilkes, John J. J. (2012). "Places: 481942 (Palaeste)". Pleiades. Marrë më 21 nëntor 2020.
{{cite web}}
: Mungon ose është bosh parametri|language=
(Ndihmë!) - ^ Barrington atlas
- ^ Titi Livi
- ^ Diodorus Siculus, "Library", 15.1
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 99, "... 99 victory would be theirs if they received Cadmus as king.
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 133, "Kalaja e Medeonit ka qëndruar në përdorim deri në ditët tona. ...
- ^ The Illyrians by J. J. Wilkes, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, Page 258, "In the south the new city named municipium Dardanicum, was another 'mining town' connected with the local workings (Metalla Dardanica)."
- ^ The central Balkan tribes in pre-Roman times: Triballi, Autariatae ... by Fanula Papazoglu, 1978, page 198, "... the Peutinger Table marks 40 miles from Naissus, on the Naissus-founded by Auielian.
- ^ a b c Dalmatia by J. J. Wilkes, 1969, page 227, "In this area were three small communities of the Delmatae Pituntium(Podstrana) Nareste(Jenesice) and Oneum (Omis).
- ^ Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum, Volume XXXIX: 1989 επεξεργασία από H. W. Pleket,Byllis she regards Nikaia and other places as demes of the polis Byllis
- ^ Epirus, 4000 years of Greek history and civilization, page 144, "...the basically Greek character of its inhabitants.
- ^ ".
- ^ OxfordJournal, "There had been an emporion or trading post on the site from the 2nd century BC, Pola, now Pietas Julia.
- ^ Apollonios Rhodios The Argonautika, Ed. Peter Green, University of California Press, 1997, 2007, p. 428.
- ^ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, N. G. L. Hammond, and E. Sollberger, 1982, page 629, ".
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 197, ".
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, p. 120, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 177, "... who appears to have ruled after 168 Bc at Queen Teuta's old stronghold Rhizon (Risan).
- ^ Épire, Illyrie, Macédoine: mélanges offerts au professeur Pierre Cabanes by Danièle Berranger, Pierre Cabanes, Danièle Berranger-Auserve, page 130
- ^ Excavations at Salona, Yugoslavia, 1969-1972: conducted for the Department of Classics, Douglass College, Rutg, by Christoph W. Clairmont, 1975, ISBN 0-8155-5040-5, page 4, "If we are correct in our interpretation of the earliest finds from Salona, the emporion, even if very small, was a settlement in a strategic position.
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 190
- ^ a b The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe) by John Wilkes, 1996, page 190
- ^ Dalmatia by J. J. Wilkes, 1969, page 216, "Little is known about Sidrona the city of the Sidrini."
- ^ The Roman army as a community: including papers of a conference held at ...by Adrian Keith Goldsworthy, Ian Haynes, Colin E. P. Adams, ISBN 1-887829-34-2, 1997, page 39, "...the colony at Scupi which lost its original title Domitiana after Domitians death.
- ^ Rome and the Mediterranean: books XXXI-XLV of The history of Rome from its ... - page 581 by Livy, Henry Bettenson - 1976, ISBN 0-14-044318-5, "Next he arrived at Scodra, the centre of resistance to the Romans not merely because ... it was by far the best-fortified town of the tribe of the Labeates.
- ^ The Illyrians by John Wilkes, page 213, "The list of Roman settlements includes some of the [.
- ^ Hauptstädte in Südosteuropa: Geschichte, Funktion, nationale Symbolkraft by Harald Heppner, page 134
- ^ The Roman army as a community: including papers of a conference held at ...by Adrian Keith Goldsworthy, Ian Haynes, Colin E. P. Adams, ISBN 1-887829-34-2, 1997, page 100
- ^ Wilkes, J. J. The Illyrians, 1992, ISBN 0-631-19807-5, page 172, "... his ally.
- ^ Fjalor enciklopedik shqiptar, Akademia e Shkencave e Shqipërisë, Tiranë, 2009, fq. 2870 - 2871. ISBN 978 99956 10 32 6
Lidhje të jashtme
RedaktoNjë kategori në Wikimedia Commons përmban dokumente multimediale për Lista e vendbanimeve në Iliri.